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After finding the perfect replacement for your solenoid valve, it's common to face a question from the sales representative about the required thread type. When asked, "How do I find out what thread type I need?" you'll appreciate having a comprehensive guide at your disposal. This guide will help you correctly identify the most prevalent thread types in industrial components and advise you on when to utilize thread seal tape in urgent situations.
Knowing the exact thread type is vital for optimal equipment performance. Pneumatic devices, such as air cylinders and valves, are designed with specific port threads. For instance, the pneumatically driven components available through our online store feature NPT, PT, or G port threads. Accurate selection of the thread type ensures that your equipment remains compatible and functions efficiently. At first glance, different threads may appear similar, but subtle differences exist that could lead to incompatibility. For example, the geometry differences between G and NPT thread types—including their angles, shapes, and thread pitches—make them non-interchangeable.
To simplify the identification process, we have formulated a straightforward step-by-step approach to discern your thread type accurately. We'll explore common port thread types like NPT/NPTF, BSPP (or G), BSPT, PT, Metric (M), and SAE. While having a few tools will facilitate this task, even a basic straight steel ruler can suffice. Additionally, we recommend that you download this Thread Identification Guide for easier reference later, as it will undoubtedly prove useful.
Thread Identifying Tools You Need
Caliper:
A caliper is useful for measuring the external diameter of male threads and the internal diameter of female threads. Employing a caliper yields the most accurate results, although you can also use a straightforward steel ruler as an alternative. For more frequent use, consider investing in a digital caliper available online.
Pitch Gauge:
This instrument specifies the number of threads per inch and the spacing between threads in metric types. You can find a variety of pitch gauges, and suppliers such as Grainger offer solid options.
How to Identify Different Types of Threads
Step 1: Male Threads vs. Female Threads
The first task is to distinguish whether a thread is male or female. If the threads are positioned on the exterior, then it is a male thread; if on the interior, it is female. Thread gender is merely a classification aspect and does not influence thread functionality.
Step 2: Tapered Threads vs. Parallel Threads
Next, ascertain if the thread design is tapered or parallel. Tapered threads decrease in diameter along their length, while parallel threads maintain a consistent diameter. Visual inspection might suffice in some cases, but a caliper will provide a clearer answer. Measure the diameter across several sections of the thread; if the measurements remain consistent, the thread is parallel. Contrarily, a reduction in size indicates a tapered configuration, as seen in NPT/NPTF, BSPT, and Metric Tapered threads.
Step 3: Pitch Size
The pitch size of a thread corresponds to the number of threads per inch or the spacing in metric types. Though a ruler can be employed for measurement, a thread pitch gauge is advisable to avoid confusion from similar sizes.
Step 4: Thread Diameter
Following pitch size determination, you need to measure the thread diameter. Using a caliper, capture the outside diameter on male threads and the inside diameter on female threads. Minor variations from standard measurements are typical due to manufacturer differences.
Step 5: Thread Type Standard
Finally, identifying the thread type standard is essential. Common standards include NPT, PT, and G. Collate the data collected from previous steps and cross-reference it with the provided standard measurements to deduce the correct thread type.
Download the Thread Identification Guide for consolidated information to assist you in identifying thread types effectively.
NPT/NPTF Thread Type – National Pipe Tapered Fuel
The NPT thread, predominantly utilized in North America, features a tapered diameter designed for self-sealing. When tightened, the threads compress to create a reliable seal. Nevertheless, supplementary sealing agents such as PTFE tape can enhance leak prevention, especially when transitioning NPT to NPTF variants.
BSP Thread Type – British Standard Pipe
Internationally recognized, BSP threads connect and seal pipe terminations and come in two forms: BSPP (parallel) and BSPT (tapered). BSPP threads are alternatively labeled as G threads, while BSPT may be referred to as R threads.
JIS Tapered Pipe Thread Type – PT
PT threads are effectively interchangeable with BSPT threads. However, lacking a 30-degree flare on male PT threads means they won't match with BSPP female connectors featuring a conical seat.
SAE Thread Type – Straight Thread O-Ring Boss
SAE straight threads utilize a 90-durometer Buna-N O-Ring, significantly enhancing the reliability and durability of the seal without requiring male and female threads to compress against each other for functionality.
Metric Tapered/Parallel Thread Type
Prevalent across Europe, metric threads employ millimeter specifications for inner and outer diameters, promoting finely-tuned pressure transmission through their tapered design. Identification marks for metric threads usually feature a capital 'M' followed by the nominal outside diameter.
Lastly, while thread types can seem complex at first glance, having the appropriate tools can simplify the process substantially. We hope this guide serves as a valuable resource. Should you have any inquiries, please reach out to us or drop a comment below. Don’t forget to utilize our downloadable Thread Identification Guide for a practical reference in your endeavors!
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